{"id":14190,"date":"2023-10-22T13:01:30","date_gmt":"2023-10-22T11:01:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/?page_id=14190"},"modified":"2023-10-23T15:36:47","modified_gmt":"2023-10-23T13:36:47","slug":"giao-hoi-cong-doan-cu-hanh-phung-vu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/giao-hoi-cong-doan-cu-hanh-phung-vu\/","title":{"rendered":"GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I \u2013 C\u1ed8NG \u0110O\u00c0N C\u1eec H\u00c0NH PH\u1ee4NG V\u1ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Kh\u00f3a Th\u01b0\u1eddng Hu\u1ea5n Linh m\u1ee5c Gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Qui Nh\u01a1n<\/span>
\n(25-27\/9\/2023)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1:<\/span>
\nT\u00f4ng th\u01b0 Desiderio Desideravi<\/span>
\nPh\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5: \u0110i\u1ec3m h\u1eb9n t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4<\/span><\/p>\n

GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I \u2013 C\u1ed8NG \u0110O\u00c0N C\u1eec H\u00c0NH PH\u1ee4NG V\u1ee4<\/span><\/strong>
\nNG\u01af\u1edcI T\u00cdN H\u1eeeU GI\u00c1O D\u00c2N<\/span><\/strong>
\nN\u01a0I B\u00c0N TI\u1ec6C TH\u00c1NH TH\u1ec2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Lm. Paulus \u00dd<\/em><\/strong><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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    \n
  • Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i trong c\u01a1n kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5?<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Trong h\u01a1n 60 n\u0103m qua \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng hay \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Vatican II.[1]<\/span> Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0i.[2]<\/span> Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, cho d\u1ea7u g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0ng xem ra \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kim Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn tr\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vatican II \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u Roma.[3]<\/span> C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng Y Bergoglio c\u1ee7a Argentina \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n v\u0169 \u0111ang \u1edf gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c.[4]<\/span> N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (traditionalism), c\u00f4ng khai hay k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, d\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n hay ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Chung. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 theo tinh th\u1ea7n Vatican II.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Th\u1ef1c ra, ngay sau C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, khi cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m mang t\u00ean \u201cHuynh \u0110o\u00e0n Pi\u00f4 X\u201d (FSSPX – Fraternit\u00e9 Sacerdotale Saint Pie X) c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Marcel Lefebvre (1905-1991), kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 theo nghi th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Missale Romanum \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 VI ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ban b\u1ed1 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1969 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch ra m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u00f3m Lefebvre ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Latinh theo nghi th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Tridentin\u00f4 (1545-1563).<\/span><\/p>\n

    N\u0103m 1988 khi Lefebvre quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh phong ch\u1ee9c cho b\u1ed1n gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a To\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh, nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1eaft ph\u00e9p th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean phong tr\u00e0o l\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfng Latinh theo nghi th\u1ee9c Tridentino \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c nhau ngay trong l\u00f2ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh.[5]<\/span> V\u1edbi th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Benedict\u00f4 XVI ng\u00e0y 07 th\u00e1ng 07 n\u0103m 2007 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd T\u1ef1 S\u1eafc Summorum Pontificum ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nghi th\u1ee9c Tridentino \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 ri\u00eang c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn. T\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 t\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra kh\u00f4ng \u00edt nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u0111e do\u1ea1 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n hay \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 duy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i.[6]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed7i l\u00fac m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4, \u201ctheo \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 sau khi l\u1eafng nghe \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c tin\u201d, ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2021 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd T\u1ef1 S\u1eafc Traditionis Custodines. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 S\u1eafc n\u00e0y xem ra r\u1ea5t kh\u1eb3ng quy\u1ebft v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 \u201cc\u00e1c s\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 VI v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II, ban h\u00e0nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II, l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lex orandi trong Nghi l\u1ec5 R\u00f4ma\u201d (\u0110i\u1ec1u 1). T\u1ef1 s\u1eafc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u201cc\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 li\u1ec7u trong T\u1ef1 s\u1eafc n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf\u201d (\u0110i\u1ec1u 8).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 Traditionis Custodines – Nh\u1eefng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ea3o V\u1ec7 Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng – c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 s\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Roma l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n duy nh\u1ea5t trong gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 n\u0103m 1970, theo s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a th\u00e1nh (x. \u0110i\u1ec1u 2). Khi cho ph\u00e9p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n, i.e. \u201cx\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II v\u00e0 Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng\u201d (\u0110i\u1ec1u 3 \u00a7 1). Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qui t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp c\u00e1c x\u1ee9 t\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi. Khi c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n (x. \u0110i\u1ec1u 3 \u00a7 2 v\u00e0 \u00a7 3).<\/span><\/p>\n

    T\u1ef1 s\u1eafc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 cai qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y. Linh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng Latinh \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u lu\u1eadt ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng trong H\u1ed9i th\u00e1nh. Linh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 lo cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00fang lu\u1eadt, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n lo ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 tu \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y (x. \u0110i\u1ec1u 3 \u00a7 4). Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t xem c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u cho s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tri\u1ec3n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 n\u00ean gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng (\u0110i\u1ec1u 3 \u00a7 5). T\u1ef1 s\u1eafc c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp th\u00eam c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u1edbi\u201d (\u0110i\u1ec1u 3 \u00a7 6).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 theo nghi th\u1ee9c mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb n\u00e0y, T\u1ef1 S\u1eafc c\u0169ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam nh\u1eb7t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ee9c sau khi T\u1ef1 S\u1eafc n\u00e0y ban h\u00e0nh (ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2021) th\u00ec \u201cph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n th\u01b0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi cho gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn, gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c s\u1ebd l\u0129nh \u00fd T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho ph\u00e9p\u201d (\u0110i\u1ec1u 4). C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng linh m\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng \u201cph\u1ea3i xin gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn cho ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u0103ng quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y\u201d (\u0110i\u1ec1u 5).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Khi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn xem ra h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a Traditionis Custodes, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u01a1i t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao To\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kim Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra r\u1ea5t d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o \u201cho\u00e0i c\u1ed5\u201d trong ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 quan t\u00e2m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Traditionis Custodes g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 h\u01a1i xa l\u1ea1. Theo nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfng Latinh theo nghi th\u1ee9c Tridentin\u00f4.[7]<\/span> Tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m linh m\u1ee5c hay gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 duy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 theo ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c duy nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, Traditionis Custodes ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng suy ngh\u0129 v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i – sentire cum Ecclesia, chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng lo l\u1eafng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa \u0111ang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00ec c\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m sinh ho\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf. Khi c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n tham gia ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 ng\u1eef, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u201cc\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9\u201d c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean khi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng chung c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 l\u00f4i k\u00e9o th\u00eam nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean (c\u1ea3 linh m\u1ee5c l\u1eabn gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n) kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ed5 ng\u1eef Latinh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh long tr\u1ecdng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f3 hai m\u1ed1i nguy h\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n cho Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 nghi th\u1ee9c chung v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m t\u1ef1 xem l\u00e0 \u01b0u tuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Khi thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb, c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 b\u1ecb \u0111e do\u1ea1 v\u00e0 m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m chia r\u1ebb tr\u1edf n\u00ean ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng hay hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 qu\u00e1 kh\u00edch t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng hay m\u01b0u t\u00ecm c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.[8]<\/span> M\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, qua c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0i c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu \u00fd hay v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee9c tin tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. \u0110\u00e2y mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111e do\u1ea1 c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Vatican II c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 60 n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu Kit\u00f4.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Khi ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o v\u1ebb h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng trang tr\u1ecdng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i \u201ckh\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\u201d (triumphalism)[9]<\/span> trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00f4n t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, khi h\u1ecd qu\u00e1 t\u1eadp ch\u00fa v\u00e0o v\u1ebb h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc Vatican II, c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch trang ho\u00e0ng l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t n\u00e0y, ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng khoe khoang b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e2n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c nghi th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i c\u1eed h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang theo lu\u1eadt ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ecf (rubrics) \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 duy nghi th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c (legalist\/formalist) n\u00e0y che l\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n mang nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u. Khi c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn quay m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda d\u00e2n ch\u00fang – versus populum – t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f9ng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng – ad orientem – quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u0129 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cl\u00e0m l\u1ec5\u201d v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cxem l\u1ec5\u201d. Trong c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a gi\u00e1o s\u0129 (clericalism) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1edfi giai c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa.[10]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Traditionis Custodines kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n t\u1eadp ch\u00fa v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng qui t\u1eafc ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t hay k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n b\u00ean trong l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n s\u00e2u xa c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Vatican II l\u00e0 canh t\u00e2n Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 n\u00ean c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 canh t\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn:<\/span><\/p>\n

    Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t huy h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o n\u01a1i c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta, c\u1ed5 x\u00fay nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tin theo Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec7n c\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec qui tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3, Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i lo canh t\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 x\u00fay Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 (SC 1).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf 12 trong s\u1ed1 16 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng.[11]<\/span> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111ang th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.[12] Trong c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y, Traditionis Custodines c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Vatican II. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 Desiderio Desideravi \u0111\u1ec3<\/span><\/p>\n

    m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, d\u00f9 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea5y c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa\u2026 (DD 16).<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • T\u00e1i Kh\u00e1m Ph\u00e1 Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Canh T\u00e2n C\u1ee7a Vatican II<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Desiderio Desideravi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2022, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n \u201cv\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 cho D\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u201d.[13] Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kim Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng qua T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o h\u00f4m nay hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Vatican II, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 60 n\u0103m. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, b\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c trong su\u1ed1t T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu h\u00f4m nay ph\u1ea3i<\/span><\/p>\n

      mang \u01a1n C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u2026 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong Sacrosanctum Concilium \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u1ea5y c\u0169ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5\u2026 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edn m\u00fac tinh th\u1ea7n Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3… (DD 16).<\/span><\/p>\n

      N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 cao Sacrosanctum Concilium (SC), Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u1ebf V\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh,[14] \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 quy\u1ebft ngh\u1ecb ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1963 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 VI \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 04 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1963. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c s\u00e1ng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Vatican II, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0o trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean m\u1ed9t hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5.[15] C\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5:<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111em cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eeba nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1eeba th\u1ea7n linh, v\u1eeba h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u1eeba h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, v\u1eeba nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba chi\u00eam ni\u1ec7m, v\u1eeba hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n n\u01a1i tr\u1ea7n gian nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1eef kh\u00e1ch\u2026H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh trong Ch\u00faa, th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c tu\u1ed5i sung m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 c\u00f2n ki\u1ec7n c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c cho h\u1ecd c\u00e1ch l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 rao gi\u1ea3ng Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4; v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 c\u0169ng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u1ea5y Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau cao tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00f5 h\u1ea7u con c\u00e1i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111ang t\u1ea3n m\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui t\u1ee5 n\u00ean m\u1ed9t cho t\u1edbi khi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0n chi\u00ean theo m\u1ed9t Ch\u00faa chi\u00ean (SC 2).<\/span><\/p>\n

      Trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Th\u1ef1c ra ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn khi Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan XXIII ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1959 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ec1n Th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 Ngo\u1ea1i Th\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng chung cho Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Khi ch\u1ecdn aggiornamento – canh t\u00e2n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 \u2013 nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m cho h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII ao \u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00eau m\u1eddi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c rao gi\u1ea3ng Tin M\u1eebng \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh canh t\u00e2n Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o th\u00ec ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh cho m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00edn h\u1eefu, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng.[16] Theo c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5, ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 t\u01b0 t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1nh h\u00f3a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 kh\u1ea3 gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau theo t\u1eebng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9, v\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi nh\u1edd Nhi\u1ec7m Th\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u00d0\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c chi th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u2026 V\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 t\u01b0 t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Th\u00e2n Th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, n\u00ean m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ch\u00ed th\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng, x\u00e9t c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 danh hi\u1ec7u l\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p (SC 7 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      N\u01a1i gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y, C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Vatican II l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c Hi\u1ebfn T\u1ebf. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c Vatican II c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh sai l\u1ec7ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5,[17] khi Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u0129.[18] V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang t\u01b0, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 «b\u00ed t\u00edch hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t», ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00e2n th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c\u2026 C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Th\u00e2n Th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i; tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f2n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi t\u1eebng chi th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Th\u00e2n Th\u1ec3, t\u00f9y theo kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt, ph\u1eadn v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham d\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c (SC 26).<\/span><\/p>\n

      Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, trong c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 theo tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Vatican II, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt ch\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh nh\u01b0ng \u201cngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap l\u1ec5, \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c ca \u0111o\u00e0n c\u0169ng chu to\u00e0n t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c\u201d (SC 29). Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n trong c\u1eed h\u00e0nh B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c Th\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh chung c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia linh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n qua \u201cnh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tung h\u00f4 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ca vinh, ti\u1ec1n kh\u00fac, th\u00e1nh ca v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c c\u1eed ch\u1ec9, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c\u201d (SC 30). C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c trong khi \u201ctu ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ecf li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu\u201d (SC 31). C\u00e1c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n

      Cho d\u1ea7u Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng th\u1edd Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa uy quy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n bao h\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u1edbn lao cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang trung th\u00e0nh… Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, trong Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa n\u00f3i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n Ng\u00e0i\u2026. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, linh m\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kinh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u00e2ng l\u00ean Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa nh\u00e2n danh to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1. Sau h\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc \u2026 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, ca h\u00e1t, hay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ec1u nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1, n\u00e2ng t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u1ecd l\u00ean c\u00f9ng Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t tu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c Ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i c\u00e1ch d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o h\u01a1n (SC 33).<\/span><\/p>\n

      N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 n\u00e9t. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Vatican II ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u00eac C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean \u00e1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea1c gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng Vatican II l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp v\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 khi c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 kh\u1eb3ng quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

      M\u1eb9 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i tha thi\u1ebft \u01b0\u1edbc mong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c tham d\u1ef1 \u1ea5y do ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi; l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, nh\u1edd ph\u00e9p R\u1eeda T\u1ed9i, vi\u1ec7c tham d\u1ef1 Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o\u2026 Trong vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 v\u00f5 Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tham d\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n: v\u00ec Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu ph\u1ea3i m\u00fac l\u1ea5y tinh th\u1ea7n Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c\u2026 (SC 14 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft)<\/span><\/p>\n

      Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh v\u1edbi t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng, h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m th\u00e1nh, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c t\u1eed \u201ckh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m tu\u00e2n gi\u1eef c\u00e1c l\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu tham d\u1ef1 Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00fd th\u1ee9c, linh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u\u201d (SC 11). N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 cho h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu b\u1edfi v\u00ec<\/span><\/p>\n

      s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tia hy v\u1ecdng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c t\u1eed ch\u0103n d\u1eaft c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c \u1ea5y. V\u00ec v\u1eady, r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 cho h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129\u2026 (SC 14)<\/span><\/p>\n

      Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y, C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i canh t\u00e2n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129.[19] M\u00f4n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng; trong khi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u1ea5y v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 (x. SC 16).[20] C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang; c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 linh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tham d\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng nghi l\u1ec5 th\u00e1nh v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdn t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5m nhi\u1ec5m tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh (x. SC 17). [21] N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c cho Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, nh\u1eefng th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 hay c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u00fang thi h\u00e0nh b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 trong c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m tin hay t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd xem th\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean gi\u1eefa c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a M\u1ea7u Nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua trong Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 trong c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn hay so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00d0\u1ec3 chu to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn lao \u1ea5y, Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 h\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 trong Hy L\u1ec5\u2026 trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean, v\u00ec nh\u01b0 x\u01b0a ch\u00ednh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 d\u00e2ng m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 th\u00ec nay ch\u00ednh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng d\u00e2ng m\u00ecnh nh\u1edd th\u1eeba t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c\u2026 (SC 7 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft)<\/span><\/p>\n

      Trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, linh m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2, hay n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, \u0110\u1ea5ng trong khi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 b\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c Ly c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, c\u0169ng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Hy L\u1ec5 Th\u1eadp Gi\u00e1 \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 qui t\u1ee5 con c\u00e1i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111ang t\u1ea3n m\u00e1c kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i\u201d (Ga 11:52; x. 2 Cr 5:11-21). Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, Vatican II ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o cho \u0111\u1ebfn Tridentino. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Tridentino \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef1 do thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng do phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea3i C\u00e1ch Tin L\u00e0nh (Reformation) t\u1ea1o ra trong c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u00e0 Nghi Th\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 theo C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Tridentino n\u0103m 1570[22] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam nh\u1eb7t v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch linh m\u1ee5c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt c\u1eed h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, c\u1ee9ng ng\u1eafc v\u00e0 duy lu\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. C\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c d\u00e2ng l\u1ec5 trong vai tr\u00f2 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo t\u0129 m\u0129 t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ecf (rubrics) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1. Vatican II \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i g\u1ee1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee9ng ng\u1eafc duy h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o.[23] N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Vatican II l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed5 l\u1ef1c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n \u2013 ad fontes – r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng, tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 n\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh. C\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c<\/span><\/p>\n

      ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5, d\u00f9 v\u1eabn trung th\u00e0nh duy tr\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng g\u00ec theo d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c th\u00eam th\u1eaft m\u00e0 \u00edt l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Ph\u1ea3i theo qui t\u1eafc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 m\u00e0 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u00e9t l\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb mai m\u1ed9t theo th\u1eddi gian (SC 50 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft, c\u00f2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t.[24] Trong \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5, Vatican II \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o trong c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u1eed h\u00e0nh:<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ngay c\u1ea3 trong Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn, th\u1eb3ng m\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o, trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n \u00edch c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u00f2n t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p tinh th\u1ea7n, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec trong nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ecb \u0111oan v\u00e0 l\u1ea7m l\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7y thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f4i khi nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o trong Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5, mi\u1ec5n sao cho ch\u00fang h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh (SC 37 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      Trong vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n – ad fontes, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n th\u1edd h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu. Cho d\u1ea7u c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong Sacrosanctum Concilium, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u00e0n th\u1edd l\u00e0 n\u01a1i Hy L\u1ec5 Th\u1eadp Gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u00e0n ti\u1ec7c th\u00e1nh, n\u01a1i D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng tham d\u1ef1 Ti\u1ec7c Chi\u00ean Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, n\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n th\u1edd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c n\u1ebfu v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00e0n th\u1edd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Ti\u1ec7c Th\u00e1nh. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd x\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, khi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u00e0 b\u00e0n th\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y l\u1ea1i hay d\u1eddi v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp chung quanh. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u Quy Ch\u1ebf T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e1t S\u00e1ch L\u1ec5 Roma s\u1ed1 262 \u0111\u00e3 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

      B\u00e0n th\u1edd ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y c\u00e1ch v\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111i chung quanh v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 quay m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng t\u00edn h\u1eefu. B\u00e0n th\u1edd ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00edn h\u1eefu t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1. (Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft)<\/span><\/p>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, b\u00e0n th\u1edd x\u00e2y s\u00e1t v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 linh m\u1ee5c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n (quay l\u01b0ng) cho gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 b\u00e0n th\u1edd (ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng – ad orientem). V\u1edbi c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Vatian II, b\u00e0n th\u1edd bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 linh m\u1ee5c trong vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 \u2013 Christi Persona, quay m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n (ad populum) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi v\u00e0 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa. V\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y C\u1eed H\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Totus Christus, \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi nh\u1edd Nhi\u1ec7m Th\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c chi th\u1ec3 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d (SC 7). C\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5<\/span><\/p>\n

      l\u00e0 t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh qui h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch tu\u00f4n tr\u00e0o m\u1ecdi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng lao kh\u00f3 nh\u1ecdc trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p r\u1eeda, tr\u1edf n\u00ean con c\u00e1i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, c\u00f9ng nhau qui t\u1ee5 ng\u1ee3i khen Ch\u00faa gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n Hi\u1ebfn T\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0103n ti\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa (SC 10 – Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n th\u1edd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 gi\u1eefa hai chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 Hi\u1ebfn T\u1ebf Th\u1eadp Gi\u00e1 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c C\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa. Trong Lumen Gentium, Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u1ebf T\u00edn L\u00fd V\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a hai chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 n\u00e9t. Theo c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5, m\u1ed7i khi Hi\u1ebfn T\u1ebf Th\u1eadp Gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh th\u00ec \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e1. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00ec Nhi\u1ec7m Th\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n:<\/span><\/p>\n

      M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n hy l\u1ec5 th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 «Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, chi\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecbu hi\u1ebfn t\u1ebf» (1Cor 5,7), th\u00ec c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. B\u00ed t\u00edch Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, trong Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u1ebf gian. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ed1ng nh\u1edd Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi (LG 3 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      Chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch hy t\u1ebf khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfu to\u1ea3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u00f4n s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa v\u00e0o M\u1ea7u Nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1edd l\u1ea1y t\u00f4n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i linh th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u201ctham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 b\u1ebb b\u00e1nh\u201d (T\u0110CV 2:42), l\u00e0 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi agape, \u201cy\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng\u201d (Ga 13:1), kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 xung kh\u1eafc nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed5 t\u00fac tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho nhau,[25] nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

      Trong B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c sau h\u1ebft, v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam b\u1ecb n\u1ed9p, \u00d0\u1ea5ng C\u1ee9u Chu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp Hy T\u1ebf T\u1ea1 \u01a0n b\u1eb1ng M\u00ecnh M\u00e1u Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 Hy T\u1ebf Kh\u1ed5 Gi\u00e1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i cho t\u1edbi khi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7y th\u00e1ch cho Hi\u1ec1n Th\u00ea y\u00eau qu\u00ed c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb c\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 S\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00ed t\u00edch t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y b\u00e1c \u00e1i, b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua, trong \u0111\u00f3 khi l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, tinh th\u1ea7n ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o ch\u1ee9ng cho ta, m\u1ed9t vinh quang t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai (SC 47 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      Khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 nh\u01b0 b\u00ed t\u00edch t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, Vatican II mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 Nhi\u1ec7m Th\u1ec3 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang c\u00f9ng thi h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 t\u01b0 t\u1ebf th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Qua b\u00ed t\u00edch Th\u00e1nh T\u1ea9y m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cd\u00e2ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 thi\u00eang li\u00eang v\u00e0 rao truy\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea5ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd t\u1eeb b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i\u201d(LG 10). Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady khi Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh, ch\u1ee9c Linh M\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 trong ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt,<\/span><\/p>\n

      tuy kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, song c\u1ea3 hai b\u1ed5 t\u00fac cho nhau. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u01b0 t\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u00e1c, nh\u1edd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n do ch\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 cai qu\u1ea3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh hy t\u1ebf t\u1ea1 \u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u00e2ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 \u1ea5y l\u00ean Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa nh\u00e2n danh to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. Ph\u1ea7n t\u00edn h\u1eefu, nh\u1edd ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c d\u00e2ng th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, v\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c b\u00ed t\u00edch, khi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1 \u01a1n, b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n, b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u00e1c \u00e1i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c (LG 10).<\/span><\/p>\n

      Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9c s\u00e1ng trong gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Vatican II, c\u0103n t\u00ednh \u201ch\u00e0ng t\u01b0 t\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3\u201d (1Pr 2:9) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 linh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Th\u00e2n Th\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 nh\u1edd ph\u00e9p Th\u00e1nh T\u1ea9y, tr\u1edf n\u00ean D\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 t\u01b0 t\u1ebf, ti\u00ean tri v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cth\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n gian theo ph\u1eadn v\u1ee5 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d (LG 31). \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, Qui T\u1eafc T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n

      C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c, theo b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u theo \u0111\u00fang \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu, m\u00e0 hy l\u1ec5 thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n khi nh\u1edd th\u1eeba t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 linh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi hy l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea5ng Trung gian duy nh\u1ea5t. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd, t\u00f9y theo c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong d\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, c\u00f3 l\u00fac ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u00edt l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u00ec ch\u01b0ng, d\u00e2n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 m\u00e1u \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa quy t\u1ee5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eddi Ch\u00faa nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, l\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2ng l\u00ean Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 d\u00e2n, trong Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, d\u00e2ng l\u1eddi t\u1ea1 \u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9, khi d\u00e2ng hy l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4; v\u00e0, sau h\u1ebft, l\u00e0 d\u00e2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau n\u00ean m\u1ed9t, nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi M\u00ecnh v\u00e0 M\u00e1u \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4. D\u00e2n n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd tham d\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, s\u1ebd li\u00ean l\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n t\u1edbi tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n (GIMR 5).<\/span><\/p>\n

      C\u0169ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf qua \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u00e1c trong v\u00e0 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong Nhi\u1ec7m Th\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Vatican II, khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cd\u00e2n Ch\u00faa\u201d, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i t\u00edn h\u1eefu hay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hay \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt hay h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129. Trong t\u1eeb ng\u1eef v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Vatican II, D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa (Populum Dei) bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 D\u00e2n Giao \u01af\u1edbc M\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Nhi\u1ec7m Th\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 (x. LG 13), kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt, gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n hay tu s\u0129.[26] Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u1eed h\u00e0nh B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c Th\u00e1nh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng trong m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 Linh M\u1ee5c, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng tranh ch\u1ea5p lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nhau.[27] S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong khi thi h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 nh\u01b0ng duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 n\u00e9t trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5, khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9:<\/span><\/p>\n

      Khi ta n\u00e2ng ch\u00e9n ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, h\u00e1 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o M\u00e1u \u0110\u1ee9c Ki-t\u00f4 \u01b0? V\u00e0 khi ta c\u00f9ng b\u1ebb B\u00e1nh Th\u00e1nh, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o Th\u00e2n Th\u1ec3 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi sao? B\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m B\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t B\u00e1nh \u1ea5y, n\u00ean tuy nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 (1 Cr 10:16-17 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n Kinh Th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a B\u00ed T\u00edch Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm trong T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn t\u1eeb th\u01b0 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 g\u1edfi t\u00edn h\u1eefu Corinth\u00f4, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 53 \u0111\u1ebfn 57 AD. Hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5 (hay r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5) trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ch\u1eef communio trong ti\u1ebfng Latinh, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n hai l\u1ea7n trong \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n v\u1eeba tr\u00edch. Nguy\u00ean ng\u1eef ch\u1eef communio th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 (koinonia) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cd\u1ef1 ph\u1ea7n\u201d trong phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n \u00fd ni\u1ec7m th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 koinonia c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5, m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 trang tr\u1ecdng:<\/span><\/p>\n

      Khi tham d\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, h\u1ecd d\u00e2ng l\u00ean Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa L\u1ec5 V\u1eadt th\u1ea7n linh v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi L\u1ec5 V\u1eadt \u1ea5y h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 d\u00e2ng ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. Khi d\u00e2ng l\u1ec5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khi hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1edfi M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 trong th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, h\u1ecd bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u trong b\u00ed t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y (LG 11 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      Trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong M\u1ea7u Nhi\u1ec7m Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o trong B\u00ed T\u00edch M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa. Mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Vatican II, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o \u2013 societas perfecta, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 D\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, t\u1eadp trung chung quanh v\u00e0 qui h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4. C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Vatican \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eadn c\u0103n quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec3m canh t\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Vatican II, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i trong Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u201cnh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed t\u00edch\u2026 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u201d(LG 1). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 B\u00ed T\u00edch – M\u1ea7u Nhi\u1ec7m (Sacramentum \u2013 Mysterion) c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p – hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng (communio \u2013 koinovia). N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u00ed t\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 B\u00ed T\u00edch Hi\u1ec7p Th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 M\u1ea7u Nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean k\u1ebft con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Khi tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, nh\u01b0 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n:<\/span><\/p>\n

      C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00f4n vinh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00ean b\u00e1o trong d\u00e2n C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc qua nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa nay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1edd m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m ph\u1ee5c sinh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Kh\u1ed5 N\u1ea1n h\u1ed3ng ph\u00fac, vi\u1ec7c S\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi vinh hi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 «Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft cho ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u1ea1nh s\u01b0\u1eddn Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh b\u00ed t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i (SC 5 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0110i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 c\u0103n t\u00ednh b\u00ed t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd do v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho \u0111i\u1ec1u khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u00e2n c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5, l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o h\u01a1n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch, sau khi linh m\u1ee5c r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn M\u00ecnh Ch\u00faa trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t Hy L\u1ec5 \u0111\u00f3\u201d (SC 55). N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c d\u00e2ng L\u1ec5 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5.[28] Trong Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, vi\u1ec7c linh m\u1ee5c (ch\u1ee7 t\u1ebf) k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi M\u00ecnh v\u00e0 M\u00e1u Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai tham d\u1ef1 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n, i.e. Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5. C\u00f2n b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi \u201ct\u00e2m th\u1ee9c xem l\u1ec5\u201d nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u1eabn trung th\u00e0nh tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a xem tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5. Th\u1ef1c ra, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 d\u01b0\u1edbi hai h\u00ecnh[29] m\u1ed7i khi tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, Vatican II c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1edfi l\u1ea1c gi\u00e1o Jansenism th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX.[30]<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0, trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u1ec1 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch linh th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a B\u00ed T\u00edch Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u v\u00f4 t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng c\u1ee7a Con Chi\u00ean Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c agape. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu khi tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 linh m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o n\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Hy L\u1ec5 ng\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng, c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch b\u00e0ng quang, c\u00e2m l\u1eb7ng\u201d (SC 48), n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u201cl\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn M\u00ecnh Ch\u00faa trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t Hy L\u1ec5 \u0111\u00f3\u201d (SC 55). \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1n c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb (hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5) trong c\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh m\u1ed9t Hy L\u1ec5 v\u1edbi linh m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 t\u1ebf.[31] N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n, c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n tham d\u1ef1 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn Hy L\u1ec5 \u201cm\u1edbi\u201d, l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh M\u00ecnh v\u00e0 M\u00e1u \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 trong Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 h\u1ecd tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh.[32] Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n trong h\u00e0nh vi hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5 khi c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng.<\/span>
      \nKhi vi\u1ec7c r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tin, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u1edbi M\u00ecnh M\u00e1u Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh th\u00e1nh mang Ch\u00faa, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u1ea1m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e0 T\u1ea1m l\u00e0 n\u01a1i M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef sau m\u1ed7i c\u1eed h\u00e0nh[33], \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n hay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n, m\u1ed7i Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu sau khi hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5 c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt mang l\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4. L\u1eddi ch\u00e0o k\u1ebft l\u1ec5 – Ite, missa est[34] \u2013 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u1ea1m n\u00e0y ra \u0111i khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec7m t\u00edch th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p – koinonia c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong m\u1ecdi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • V\u1ebb \u0110\u1eb9p Th\u1ef1c S\u1ef1 C\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        G\u1ea7n 60 n\u0103m sau khi Sacrosanctum Concilium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, Desiderio Desideravi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t v\u00e0o kho t\u00e0ng Gi\u00e1o Hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n trong khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u00fd do hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 to l\u1edbn cho Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n hay cho n\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, \u201cnh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01a1n s\u01a1 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng suy t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd trong c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o\u201d (DD1).<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu Kit\u00f4 c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ao \u01b0\u1edbc g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Theo \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi Ng\u00f4i L\u1eddi Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 sinh \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ea7y n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5\u201d (DD 10). \u0110\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u1ed9t suy ngh\u0129, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb qua k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3. \u0110\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9c s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ni\u1ec1m tin Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1edd l\u1ebd h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd:<\/span><\/p>\n

        M\u1ed9t k\u00fd \u1ee9c tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng v\u1ec1 B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c Ly s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng \u00edch g\u00ec cho ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong b\u1eefa \u0103n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n M\u00ecnh v\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng M\u00e1u Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong b\u00ed t\u00edch Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ed t\u00edch, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua. Quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a hy t\u1ebf, c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, t\u1eebng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9, t\u1eebng d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb, t\u1eebng t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u00ed t\u00edch (DD 11).<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u00e1t c\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 b\u00ed t\u00edch \u0111em l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh B\u00ed T\u00edch C\u1ee9u \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 M\u1ea7u Nhi\u1ec7m Hi\u1ec7p Th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.[35] Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u00ed t\u00edch th\u00ec ch\u00ednh Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 B\u00ed T\u00edch. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Vatican II m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. Desiderio Desideravi d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n s\u1ed1 5 c\u1ee7a Sacrosanctum Concilium \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00ed t\u00edch c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 Eva m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb c\u1ea1nh s\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, Adam m\u1edbi, \u0111ang h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i tr\u00ean Th\u1eadp Gi\u00e1, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 (x. DD 14), b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

        c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng th\u1edd Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00f2ng Ch\u00faa Cha, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u00e2ng ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Con \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean th\u1eadp gi\u00e1. C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o hi\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trong Ch\u00faa Con\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn. Ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 duy nh\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 \u2013 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 Nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi (DD 15).<\/span><\/p>\n

        Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, Desiderio Desideravi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Chung Vatican II. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u1ebf Sacrosanctum Concilium nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, trong su\u1ed1t T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0, Sacrosanctum Concilium, Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.[36] \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng che gi\u1ea5u \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n

        m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, d\u00f9 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea5y c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa. L\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n t\u01b0 t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu trong B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c Ly \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u00ean m\u1ed9t\u201d (Ga 17,21), \u0111ang ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng chia r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta chung quanh t\u1ea5m B\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ebb ra\u2026 (DD 16 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

        C\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 T\u1ef1 S\u1eafc Traditionis Custodines, T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 Desiderio Desideravi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t trong c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Theo T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0, khi c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a mang t\u00ednh \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 hay c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn, duy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hay duy hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (modernism), xen v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p th\u00e2t s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o b\u1ecb xo\u00e1 m\u1edd. Nh\u01b0ng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u201cnh\u1eefng chia r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta chung quanh t\u1ea5m B\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ebb ra\u201d. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft hay v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u00fang ra, khi Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00ed t\u00edch t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y b\u00e1c \u00e1i, b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua\u201d (SC 47), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh th\u00ec d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. M\u1ed9t khi c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 ngay trong c\u00e1ch c\u1eed h\u00e0nh th\u00ec m\u1ed1i gi\u00e2y th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa b\u1ecb \u0111e do\u1ea1 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. Th\u1ef1c ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1. Ngay t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i s\u01a1 khai th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu Corintho, b\u1edfi v\u00ec<\/span><\/p>\n

        nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a anh em kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch g\u00ec, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Th\u1eadt th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean t\u00f4i nghe r\u1eb1ng khi h\u1ecdp c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n, anh em chia r\u1ebd nhau, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tin l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd gi\u1eefa anh em, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd v\u1eady m\u1edbi r\u00f5 ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Khi anh em h\u1ecdp nhau, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa\u2026 Anh em kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng sao? Hay anh em khinh d\u1ec3 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a? Ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd t\u00f4i khen anh em sao? V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ch\u1eb3ng khen \u0111\u00e2u! (1Cr 11:17-20.22)<\/span><\/p>\n

        Su\u1ed1t trong d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n C\u00f4rint\u00f4 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n, cho d\u1ea7u mang nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng chung quanh B\u00e0n Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ly gi\u00e1o trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, nh\u1eefng th\u00eam th\u1eaft bi\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf cho s\u1ef1 tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 chia c\u00e1ch giai c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 n\u00e9t. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00fac ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 xem. C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Vatican II c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c do ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u00e1 hay gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd r\u1ea5t s\u00e1t v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/span><\/p>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4-H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4. Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d m\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u201cch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u201cch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 do ma qu\u1ef7. Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y tay ch\u00fang ta, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 b\u00ed t\u00edch b\u00e0y t\u1ecf cho ch\u00fang ta (DD 19 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

        Theo T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0, li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 7 c\u1ee7a Sacrosanctum Concilium. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n v\u00e0 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn s\u1ed1 7 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u1ebf \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u00edch th\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 r\u1ea5t \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y. Trong T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn s\u1ed1 7 c\u1ee7a Sacrosanctum Concilum nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i qui chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm<\/span><\/p>\n

        ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0 t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i v\u00e0 trao ban trong M\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng qua nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 Th\u1ea7n Kh\u00ed d\u00ecm s\u00e2u ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 (DD 21 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n l\u1eabn linh m\u1ee5c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1nh hai th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c trong khi c\u1eed h\u00e0nh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng cho r\u1eb1ng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f4 di\u1ec5n nghi l\u1ec5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang lu\u1eadt ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ecf. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o s\u0129 l\u1eabn gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n tham gia c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n, thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft. C\u1ea3 hai th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u1edbi m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ecd c\u1eed h\u00e0nh (x. DD 22). Mu\u1ed1n chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ecm s\u00e2u v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 qua c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 b\u00ed t\u00edch. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 quan tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. Cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5<\/span><\/p>\n

        kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea9m: ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa qua m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c Nh\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng trong B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c Ly l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a \u0103n nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00fang ta. L\u1ebd n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac khi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a t\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y\u2026(DD 24).<\/span><\/p>\n

        C\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u0169ng qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa. T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m hay tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn hai th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt l\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m hay th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean c\u00e1ch c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng linh m\u1ee5c hay tu s\u0129 s\u1ed1ng theo tu \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tu \u0111\u1ee9c ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nghi th\u1ee9c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng quy\u1ebft:<\/span><\/p>\n

        Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a lu\u00e2n l\u00fd kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 Ph\u1ee5c sinh, \u0111\u1ec3 khi ngoan ngo\u00e3n \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 Ti\u1ec7c ly ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi n\u1ed7i khao kh\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa mu\u1ed1n \u0103n L\u1ec5 V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta\u2026 (DD 20 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

        M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i s\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u1eed h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n, n\u00ean m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u1eed h\u00e0nh m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m th\u00e1nh. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft c\u00e1c em thi\u1ebfu nhi tham gia Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 d\u00f2ng k\u00edn.[37] Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5m gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c h\u1ecd \u01b0a th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i cho ph\u00e9p.[38] Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh trong th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng quy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201ch\u00e0nh vi ch\u00ed th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng, x\u00e9t c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 danh hi\u1ec7u l\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p\u201d (SC 7).<\/span><\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn tham d\u1ef1 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 ng\u00e0y Ch\u00faa Nh\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 khi tham d\u1ef1 gi\u1edd ch\u1ea7u Ch\u00faa, vi\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e0ng Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 hay l\u1ea7n h\u1ea1t M\u00f4i Kh\u00f4i. T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u00f4i x\u1ea5u vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Vatican II. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ti\u1ebfng Latinh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eeba xem l\u1ec5 v\u1eeba l\u1ea7n chu\u1ed7i m\u00f4i kh\u00f4i hay l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n duy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tham d\u1ef1 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh nghi l\u1ec5 Tridentino. Khi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o c\u1eed h\u00e0nh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 cung k\u00ednh th\u1edd l\u1ea1y, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m th\u1ee9c m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m, theo c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 (x. DD 25). Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu trong trong c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u201clu\u00f4n kh\u01a1i d\u1eady s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 khi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f4n th\u1edd\u201d (DD 25). Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd gi\u00fap th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta sao l\u00e3ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u00ecm l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y: l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta t\u0103ng th\u00eam kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta trong c\u00e1c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5? Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u00e0 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng (DD 31).<\/span><\/p>\n

        Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. V\u00ec \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00ean \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201cch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng hu\u1ea5n, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3, v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u00e9 m\u1ecdn, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c\u201d(DD 38). Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m th\u00e1nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch to\u00e0n b\u00edch c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ars celebrandi \u2013 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1eed h\u00e0nh. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ars celebrandi theo \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha s\u1ebd \u201ctr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong s\u1ed1 7 c\u1ee7a Sacrosanctum Concilium\u201d (DD 48). M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng SC 7 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. Desiderio Desideravi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1eed h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u201cc\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh ch\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 s\u1ef1\u201d, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 cho \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i\u201d (DD 51). Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

        c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 nhau, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng chung m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i – \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i cho m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft \u0111i m\u00e0 tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, d\u1ea1y cho t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00edn h\u1eefu kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra t\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0ng trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3\u2026 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u00e0m l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m trong ch\u00fang ta, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ki\u1ebfm t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m ngh\u0129, nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n (DD 51 \u2013 Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 cao c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a Totus Christus \u2013 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 To\u00e0n Th\u1ec3. Ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n trong c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. V\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 d\u00e0nh cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a thinh l\u1eb7ng. S\u1ef1 thinh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9c s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thinh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c suy ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang t\u01b0. Theo T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0, thinh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u201ckh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1ea9n n\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 thu m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u c\u00f4 l\u1eadp n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m chia tr\u00ed\u201d, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i khi \u201cm\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5\u201d (DD 52).[39] Thinh l\u1eb7ng trong Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n, \u0110\u1ea5ng l\u00e0m sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh. Nh\u1edd thinh l\u1eb7ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n n\u1eafn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ea5m B\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ebb ra (x. DD 52).<\/span><\/p>\n

        Ars celebrandi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa, \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 L\u1eddi, l\u1eafng nghe L\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa kh\u01a1i ngu\u1ed3n cho l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, \u0111\u1ec3 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d (DD 53). N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vatiacan II l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng cho ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3.[40] Sacrosanctum Concilium s\u1ed1 24 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5,<\/span><\/p>\n

        Th\u00e1nh Kinh gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng\u2026 Ch\u00ednh ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Kinh c\u0169ng l\u00e0m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kinh, l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ph\u1ee5ng ca, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u00fd ngh\u0129a. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t huy l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9 m\u1ebfn Th\u00e1nh Kinh \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

        Khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m g\u00ecn gi\u1eef, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng \u0103n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m th\u00ec c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u201cs\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n\u201d (DD 53). Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ars celebrandi, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1t c\u1ea1n \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 trau d\u1ed3i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt th\u00e1nh n\u00e0y. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn khi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u201cs\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tia hy v\u1ecdng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c t\u1eed ch\u0103n d\u1eaft c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y\u2026\u201d (SC 14), \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha c\u0169ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn trong m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 \u201ckh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng, th\u1ea7n b\u00ed h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c duy ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng\u201d (DD 54). Theo \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha th\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1 cao b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n trong phong c\u00e1ch c\u1eed h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00f4i khi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch l\u1ed9 li\u1ec5u th\u00f3i t\u1eadt mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd\u201d (DD 54).<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Thay Cho L\u1eddi K\u1ebft<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau l\u1eafng nghe \u0111i\u1ec1u Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng. H\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. M\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o trong n\u1ed7i khao kh\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0103n L\u1ec5 V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta\u2026 (DD 65).<\/span><\/p>\n

          V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ee9a chan t\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5 t\u1eed n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i dung d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Desiderio Desideravi chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7. Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Chung Vatican II d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p nguy\u00ean s\u01a1 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u00edch cho ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u00e1o l\u1ec5 hay ch\u00e9n th\u00e1nh qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i n\u01a1i th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nguy nga v\u00e0 b\u00e0n th\u1edd trang tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00f4ng hoa l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby. V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp chung quanh ngai to\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Con Chi\u00ean Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p m\u00e0 s\u00e1ch Kh\u1ea3i Huy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Gioan \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a<\/span><\/p>\n

          m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfm n\u1ed5i, thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi d\u00e2n, m\u1ecdi chi t\u1ed9c, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ngai v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc Con Chi\u00ean\u2026 H\u1ecd l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng tung h\u00f4: «Ch\u00ednh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ch\u00fang ta, \u0110\u1ea5ng ng\u1ef1 tr\u00ean ngai, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Con Chi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang ta .» T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9ng chung quanh ngai…H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ea5p m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ngai v\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1ea1y Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa m\u00e0 tung h\u00f4\u2026 Xin k\u00ednh d\u00e2ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ch\u00fang ta l\u1eddi ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 vinh quang, s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 l\u1eddi t\u1ea1 \u01a1n, danh d\u1ef1, uy quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi! A-men! (Kh 7:9-12).<\/span><\/p>\n

          \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a B\u1eefa Ti\u1ec7c C\u00e1nh Chung, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u0129nh c\u1eedu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh n\u01a1i Thi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi cao n\u00e0y c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea5y chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf m\u1ed7i khi c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Chi\u00ean V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua. V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Hi\u1ebfn T\u1ebf Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb l\u1ec5 ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng mang \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0n th\u1edd tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt t\u1eeb \u201choa m\u00e0u ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 lao c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean M\u00ecnh v\u00e0 M\u00e1u Con Chi\u00ean C\u1ee9u Chu\u1ed9c, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cS\u1ee9 Th\u1ea7n d\u00e2ng\u2026 l\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd cao sang tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00f4n Nhan uy linh Ch\u00faa\u201d (Kinh Nguy\u1ec7n Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 I). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 v\u0129nh c\u1eedu, v\u00ec khi b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u bi\u1ebfn n\u00ean M\u00ecnh v\u00e0 M\u00e1u Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, th\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea7n gian c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea5y chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Vatican II \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 thi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c khi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng<\/span><\/p>\n

          s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean ch\u00fang ta qua c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 b\u00ed t\u00edch, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng ng\u1ee3i khen Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa uy linh, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi chi t\u1ed9c, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c trong m\u00e1u Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, h\u1ee3p nhau trong m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i duy nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng thanh ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa Ba Ng\u00f4i. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, khi c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 hy t\u1ebf t\u1ea1 \u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p r\u1ea5t m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi, v\u00ec hi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang ta k\u00ednh nh\u1edb tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u00d0\u1ee9c Maria vinh hi\u1ec3n, tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ed3ng Trinh, sau l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Giuse, c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3 v\u00e0 T\u1eed \u00d0\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh (LG 50).<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n

          [1] Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan XXIII tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c khai m\u1ea1c C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1962. Ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n 6 th\u00e1ng sau khi k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ebf m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 VI ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng. Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI qua \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1978, H\u1ed3ng Y Gi\u00e1o Ch\u1ee7 Venise, Albino Luciani, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00ean k\u1ebf v\u1ecb. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y t\u00ean c\u1ee7a hai v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m danh hi\u1ec7u cho tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng. Cho d\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n c\u00f3 33 ng\u00e0y, \u00c1 Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phaol\u00f4 I \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7c quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e2n Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i theo tinh th\u1ea7n Vatican II. \u0110\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Wojtyla c\u1ee7a Krakow Balan, v\u1ecb H\u1ed3ng Y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u1ed1c \u00dd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Andrian th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1978. T\u00e2n Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i t\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m cho tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Vatican II, th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em h\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 mang tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i qua c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng du to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. K\u1ebf v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phaolo II l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Benedicto XVI, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng Y Joseph Frings v\u00e0 tham gia C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc (peritus).<\/span>
          \n[2] \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng minh cho quan s\u00e1t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 13.03.2013, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111ang t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1edfi l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 g\u1ecdi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u201cGi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh Roma\u201d. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng danh x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n cho gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng: Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn Roma, trong t\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, cai qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span>
          \n[3] Hai b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t cho n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau ng\u00e0y nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n g\u1ed3m 9 h\u1ed3ng y (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C9) \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u00e0i trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u Roma. Ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecb (synod) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u00e0nh (Synodal Church). R\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kim Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i theo \u201ctinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3\u201d (collegiality) v\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecb\u201d(synodality) m\u00e0 Vatican II \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 cao.<\/span>
          \n[4] Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c C\u1ed1 Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n 700 n\u0103m. <\/span>
          \n[5] C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ebb, m\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng qui t\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span>
          \n[6] R\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 duy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n mang nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n Vatican II v\u00e0 Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/span>
          \n[7] Thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (ti\u1ebfng Latinh) nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e2n theo \u0111\u00fang tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 g\u00e2y x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c quan t\u00e2m cho Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n. Ti\u1ebfng Latinh hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 theo ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i Vatican (Roma) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. T\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Nauy, Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (kinh Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei\u2026) v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Latinh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n gia s\u1ea3n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 qu\u00ed b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70, khi Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u1eed h\u00e0nh, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n Qui Nh\u01a1n (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c?) v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Latinh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/span>
          \n[8] C\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n danh c\u00e1c g\u00eda tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng khai ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u00e1o quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c hay ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 chia r\u1ebb t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/span>
          \n[9] \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng Y Walter Kasper, trong Theology & Church, SCM Press, London 1989, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \u201c\u2026as the Second Vatican Council used the term sacrament to describe the church, this is one conceptual means among others for overcoming ecclesiological triumphalism, clerialism and legalism\u201d (p.118). Xin xem th\u00eam Gilles Pelland, A Few Words on Triumphalism, trong Ren\u00e9 Latourelle, ed., Vatican II, Assessment and Perspectives, Twenty-five Years After, Vol I, 106-22<\/span>
          \n[10] Trong T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 Desiderio Desideravi, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y: \u201c\u2026 Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, Nhi\u1ec7m Th\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 linh m\u1ee5c. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh. Th\u1eadt qu\u00e1 r\u00f5, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft anh ch\u1ecb em c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eeba n\u1eafm r\u00f5 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i si\u00eang n\u0103ng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c tin s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c\u2026\u201d (DD 36).<\/span>
          \n[11] Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n hay nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong Sacrosanctum Concilium, Dei Verbum, Gaudium et Spes, Lumen Gentium, Ad Gentes, Apostolicam Actuositatem, Christus Dominus, Optatam Totius, Perfectae Caritatis, Presbyterorum Ordinis, Unitatis Redintegratio.<\/span>
          \n[12] Desiderio Desideravi s\u1ed1 30 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec1u Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 VI \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u khi b\u1ebf m\u1ea1c k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1963): \u201cNh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o phong ph\u00fa, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, theo m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i long tr\u1ecdng ban h\u00e0nh v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. T\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u00f4i ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi trong ni\u1ec1m vui th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, v\u00ec theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra, t\u00f4i ghi nh\u1eadn b\u1eadc thang ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ph\u1ea3i \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t; c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u1ea7n linh, trong \u0111\u00f3 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa chia s\u1ebb s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho ch\u00fang ta. Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i trao cho c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1eddi m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t cao gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4n t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00e1i sinh, khi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta loan truy\u1ec1n l\u1eddi ng\u1ee3i khen Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i tim con ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 v\u00e0 trong Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n\u201d.<\/span>
          \n[13] Desiderio Desideravi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 DD. C\u00e1c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd theo b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a U\u1ef7 Ban Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh khi c\u1ea7n, theo nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng \u00dd v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u1ee7a To\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh.<\/span>
          \n[14] V\u1ec1 Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y, \u0110TC Phanxico \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft: \u201cCh\u00fang ta lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Sacrosanctum Concilium, n\u1eafm b\u1eaft m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c nghi l\u1ec5 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, cum Petro et sub Petro, c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 theo l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ee5c t\u1eed. C\u00e1c th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 VI v\u00e0 Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch theo s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ea1i k\u1ebft Vatican II, v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch theo C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft Traditionis custodes, \u0111\u1ec3 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u00e2ng l\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t\u201d (DD 61).<\/span>
          \n[15] Xem J. Neuner & J. Dupuis, eds., The Christian Faith, 529<\/span>
          \n[16] Trong Desiderio Desideravi s\u1ed1 29, \u0110TC Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Vatican II: \u201cH\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy t\u1ee5 trong C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111ang khi v\u1eabn t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd th\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u00ed t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, l\u00e0 \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c (Lumen gentium), \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng l\u1eafng nghe L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa (Dei Verbum), v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5y ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh (Gaudium et spes). C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7p h\u00e0nh trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 anh ch\u1ecb em, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00ecn gi\u1eef kho t\u00e0ng phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi nhau, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c suy t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ea1i k\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 (Sacrosanctum Concilium)\u201d.<\/span>
          \n[17] V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem th\u00eam Josef Andreas Jungmann, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, trong Herbert Vorgrimler, ed., Commentary On The Documents Of Vatican II, Vol I, 22.<\/span>
          \n[18] Tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng m\u1ed7i linh m\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 ri\u00eang cho d\u1ea7u \u1edf chung trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n nh\u00e0 d\u00f2ng hay gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed5 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0n th\u1edd ph\u1ee5 hay c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed7i linh m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 cao v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch khi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 t\u1eeb Vatican II.<\/span>
          \n[19] Desiderio Desideravi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5: \u201cCh\u00ednh trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra\u2026\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o\u2026. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 suy t\u01b0. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qua ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3\u2026\u201d (DD 34).<\/span>
          \n[20] \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb th\u00eam cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n: \u201c\u2026ngo\u00e0i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n nghi th\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u00ec m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m t\u00ecnh y\u00eau\u201d(DD 39).<\/span>
          \n[21] T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: \u201cC\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, phong tr\u00e0o ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p qu\u00fd b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed7i t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n kinh nguy\u1ec7n, t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5\u201d (DD 35).<\/span>
          \n[22] Nghi th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u00e1ch L\u1ec5 Th\u00e1nh Pi\u00f4 V. Qui Ch\u1ebf T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e1t S\u00e1ch L\u1ec5 Roma (Institutio Generalis Missalis Romani, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft IGMR), c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 theo l\u1ec7nh \u00d0\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 VI, hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II, \u1ee6y Ban Ph\u1ee5ng T\u1ef1 tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c H\u1ed9i \u00d0\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n m\u1eabu th\u1ee9 ba Nh\u00e0 in Vatican\u00f4 – n\u0103m 2002, \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y: \u201cV\u00e0o th\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, khi \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t hy t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, ch\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh b\u00e1nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111ang g\u1eb7p nguy c\u01a1, th\u00ec m\u1ed1i b\u1eadn t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Pi\u00f4 V l\u00e0 lo b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n m\u1edbi, \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 l\u1ed1i, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t \u00edt trong l\u1ec5 nghi th\u00e1nh. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, S\u00e1ch l\u1ec5 n\u0103m 1570 ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c S\u00e1ch l\u1ec5 in \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u0103m 1474, v\u00e0 S\u00e1ch l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i trung th\u00e0nh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i S\u00e1ch l\u1ec5 th\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Inn\u00f4centi\u00f4 III. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c c\u1ea3o b\u1ea3n Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Vatican\u00f4, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa trong ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\u2026\u0111i xa h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5\u201d (IGMR 7).<\/span>
          \n[23] N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua vai tr\u00f2 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Phong Tr\u00e0o Canh T\u00e2n Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn cao \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u01a1i \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 M\u1ee5c V\u1ee5 (International Congress on Pastoral Liturgy) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Assisi n\u0103m 1956 (Xem J. Neuner & J. Dupuis, eds., The Christian Faith, 528).<\/span>
          \n[24] Qui Ch\u1ebf T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e1t S\u00e1ch L\u1ec5 Roma \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y:\u201d\u2026Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e0ng t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, th\u00ec c\u00e0ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u01a1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nghi th\u1ee9c \u0110\u00f4ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 soi s\u00e1ng khoa th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, nh\u1edd gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 g\u00edao th\u1eddi x\u01b0a nh\u01b0 th\u00e1nh Irene, th\u00e1nh Ambrosio, th\u00e1nh Syrillo th\u00e0nh Gierusalem, th\u00e1nh Gioan Kim Kh\u1ea9u\u2026 \u2018Quy t\u1eafc c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5\u2019 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec cha \u00f4ng k\u1ebf c\u1eadn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c , m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau\u2026 C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn bao qu\u00e1t n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng: Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ban cho d\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa s\u1ef1 trung t\u00edn l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng, trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ee9c tin b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau (IGMR 8 & 9). C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam Louis Bouyer, The Church Of God, Body of Christ And Temple Of The Spirit,Ignatius Press, San Francisco 2011, 17-18.<\/span>
          \n[25] N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 x\u1ebfp trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 th\u1edd l\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf qu\u1ef3 bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ef1 th\u1edd l\u1ea1y, c\u00f2n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 tham gia chia s\u1ebb t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen qu\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec1u trong khi Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh, ngay trong nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho s\u1ef1 th\u1edd l\u1ea1y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 th\u1edd l\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ef3 g\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u00e0n qu\u1ef3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb em Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdp nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i qu\u00e2y qu\u1ea7n l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa. Nh\u01b0ng cho c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, b\u00e0n qu\u1ef3 v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1edd l\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/span>
          \n[26] Trong Lumen Gentium, \u201cD\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u201d l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cT\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c Ph\u1ea9m Tr\u1eadt\u201d, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cGi\u00e1o D\u00e2n\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn \u01a1n g\u1ecdi n\u00ean th\u00e1nh (\u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u00e1nh hi\u1ebfn) trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i.<\/span>
          \n[27] \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha trong Desiderio Desideravi s\u1ed1 31 cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: \u201c…C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng may xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n chung quanh vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu cho \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n do c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c nghi l\u1ec5 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u sao m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng – m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 – l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u1edfi sinh t\u1eeb Sacrosanctum Concilium, m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi trong Lumen Gentium. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u201cc\u00e1c s\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 do Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 VI v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II ban h\u00e0nh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II, l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lex orandi (lu\u1eadt c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n) trong Nghi l\u1ec5 R\u00f4ma\u201d (T\u1ef1 s\u1eafc Traditionis custodes, 1)\u2026\u201d (DD 31).<\/span>
          \n[28] \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u v\u1edbi suy t\u01b0 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0110TC: \u201c\u2026nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e2m tr\u00ed th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n sinh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u201ctri th\u1ee9c\u201d, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (x. Sacrosanctum Concilium 33). \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi ng\u1ee3i khen, l\u1eddi t\u1ea1 \u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Con, m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m \u0111ang t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta trong vi\u1ec7c ngoan ngo\u00e3n s\u1ed1ng theo t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n, \u0110\u1ea5ng lu\u00f4n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong ch\u00fang ta (x. Gl 4,19). M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4\u2026 Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y m\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Linh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao ban, v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nhi\u1ec7m Th\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. Nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi b\u00e1nh Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3ng \u00e2n trong b\u00ed t\u00edch R\u1eeda T\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. Th\u00e1nh L\u00ea\u00f4 C\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft: \u2018Vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o M\u00ecnh v\u00e0 M\u00e1u Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea5ng ch\u00fang ta \u0103n\u2019\u2026\u201d (DD 41).<\/span>
          \n[29] \u201cD\u00f9 v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00edn l\u00fd do C\u00f4ng \u00d0\u1ed3ng Trent\u00f4 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 d\u01b0\u1edbi hai h\u00ecnh, t\u00f9y theo ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c, chi\u1ebfu theo nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00f4ng T\u00f2a minh \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng cho gi\u00e1o s\u0129, tu s\u0129 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n n\u1eefa\u2026\u201d (SC 55). Hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5 v\u1edbi hai h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/span>
          \n[30] T\u1eeb c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Laterano IV (1215) c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Tridentino \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 XIX, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a l\u1ea1c gi\u00e1o Jansenism, \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 m\u1ed9t hay hai l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Pio X, ng\u00e0y 16.12.1905, \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Sacra Tridentina Synod, l\u00ean \u00e1n Jansenism v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y (x. DZ 3375-3376).<\/span>
          \n[31] Trong Qui Ch\u1ebf T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e1t s\u1ed1 56, h, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: \u201cR\u1ea5t \u01b0\u1edbc mong r\u1eb1ng: c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu r\u01b0\u1edbc M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00e1nh th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e9p ngay trong ch\u00ednh th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9 li\u1ec7u, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u01b0\u1edbc M\u00e1u Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edd c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u01a1n hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5 l\u00e0 tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o hy l\u1ec5 dang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh\u201d.<\/span>
          \n[32] \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh (v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2ng ti\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7p l\u1ec5. L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh (b\u00e1nh l\u1ec5) b\u1ecf v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2ng ti\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u01a1i c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng tu hay t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n nh\u1ecf. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u01a1i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 hay c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1edbn. Vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh t\u1eeb Nh\u00e0 T\u1ea1m cho r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 c\u0169ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, cho d\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang theo \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n.<\/span>
          \n[33] Thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng n\u00ean l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 theo ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vatican II, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 T\u1ea1m n\u01a1i c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa ph\u1ea3i \u1edf m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n trong nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng che l\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a B\u00e0n Th\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 m\u1ed7i khi Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 \u201cm\u1edbi\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh. Qui Ch\u1ebf T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec1u 276 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cR\u1ea5t n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i trong gian ng\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n cho gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n t\u1edbi k\u00ednh th\u1edd ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u00f9y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 gi\u1eef M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n th\u1edd, ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i b\u00e0n th\u1edd, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i trang tr\u1ecdng trong nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed h\u1eb3n hoi\u201d.<\/span>
          \n[34] Trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c, c\u00e2u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec3u theo nguy\u00ean ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Latinh, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ch\u00fac \u201cra \u0111i b\u00ecnh an\u201d, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 l\u1eddi m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 mang Ch\u00faa ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o. <\/span>
          \n[35] \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed9i (tr\u1ecdng) khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 trong vi\u1ec7c r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5. Khi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ed1 \u00fd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 B\u00ed T\u00edch c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9, hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ef1 c\u1eaft ph\u00e9p th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng\u201d. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u1ea7n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1i trong ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ed t\u00edch ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng h\u1ecd c\u1eed h\u00e0nh.<\/span>
          \n[36] \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t 12 l\u1ea7n Sacrosanctum Concilium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00edch d\u1eabn hay \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 T\u00f4ng Th\u01b0.<\/span>
          \n[37] Trong Desiderio Desideravi s\u1ed1 47, \u0110TC c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf l\u00e0m quen v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5.<\/span>
          \n[38] N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o Taiz\u00e9 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 b\u1edfi gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, c\u1ea3 C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu Kit\u00f4 kh\u00e1c.<\/span>
          \n[39] S\u1ef1 thinh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ea7u kh\u00ed thinh l\u1eb7ng trong Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 trong d\u1ecbp t\u0129nh t\u00e2m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 cho c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 con em nh\u1ecf.<\/span>
          \n[40] \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00edn h\u1eefu, cho d\u1ea7u v\u1eabn coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5, ch\u1ec9 xem ph\u1ea7n Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 chu to\u00e0n \u201clu\u1eadt ng\u00e0y Ch\u00faa Nh\u1eadt\u201d. Th\u00f3i quen \u0111i l\u1ec5 tr\u1ec5 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf ra ngo\u00e0i khi Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

           T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft: <\/strong><\/b>Phaol\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m H\u1eefu \u00dd<\/span><\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u1edf d\u1ea1ng PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

          Trang ngu\u1ed3n <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Kh\u00f3a Th\u01b0\u1eddng Hu\u1ea5n Linh m\u1ee5c Gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Qui Nh\u01a1n (25-27\/9\/2023) Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: T\u00f4ng th\u01b0 Desiderio Desideravi Ph\u1ee5ng V\u1ee5: \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14190","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14190"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14212,"href":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14190\/revisions\/14212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drammen.katolsk.no\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}